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The Law 59/2003 of electronic signature, defines an electronic signature as the data set in electronic form, appropriated alongside other or associated with them, which can be used as a means of identification of the signatory.
Likewise, defines the advanced electronic signature as the electronic signature that allows you to identify the signatory and detect any later change of signed data, which is linked to the signatory singly and data referred to, and which has been created by means that the author may keep under its exclusive control.
And finally, defines the electronic signature as the advanced electronic signature based on a certificate recognized, and generated through a secure device signature. The electronic signature is the only effective equivalent to handwritten signature
The operation of the electronic signature is based on asymmetric or public and private key cryptography:
Each side has a key pair, one is used to encrypt and the other to decrypt.
Each part kept secret key (private key) and made available to the public the other (public key).
Below is A description what makes the software signature of the author and the recipient of signed message:
First, the signatory calculates the “ hash ” of your message. The “ hash ” is the result of an operation is performed on the message that leads to a data set of fixed size (independent of the size of the message), which has the property to be associated to the message, so that in practice it is impossible to find two different messages that generate the same “ hash ”. Therefore, the “ hash ” is unique to the message that spawned it. This “ hash ” has the advantage that is usually much smaller than the message.
Below, the signer encrypts the “ hash ” of the message with your private key. This is the electronic signature that is attached to the original message, and that only the signatory can generate, as is the only one who knows his own private key.
The addressee, to receive the message, on the one hand recalculated the “ hash ” of the message that has received and decrypt the signature appended using the public key of the signatory, obtaining the “ hash ” that the signatory calculated. If both match, means: that the message received has been sent by the signatory (as has been decrypted with the public key of the signatory, the only thing that can decrypt the encryption with your private key); that has not been manipulated (as the “ ” coincide hashes and have indicated that two different messages cannot produce the same “ hash ”), and furthermore, the signatory cannot deny its authorship, as is the only one who may have created an electronic signature (is the only one who knows his private key).
The Ministry of Finance and Public Administration has developed anelectronic signature application (AutoFirma) that makes available tousers at the address:
In Spain the electronic signature is a legal term coined in Law 59/2003 of Electronic Signature. Consequently it has legal effects. Outside the legal context, and in particular in the technical field, there are many definitions of both terms and are often used as synonyms.
